Concrete Corrosion Prevention
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Corrosion
Resistant Alloys for Reinforced Concrete, FHWA-HRT-09-020 -Initial cost considerations have historically precluded widespread utilization of high performance (corrosion resistant) reinforcements, such as stainless steel in bridge construction. However, because of concerns regarding long-term serviceability of epoxy-coated reinforcing steel in northern and coastal bridge decks and substructures, advent of life cycle cost analysis as a project planning tool, and requirements that major bridge structures have a 75-100-year design life, the competitiveness of such steels has increased that enhanced attention has focused in recent years upon these materials.
This investigation was initiated to evaluate the corrosion resistance of various types of corrosion resistant reinforcement, including new products that are becoming available in bridge structures that are exposed to chlorides. Both long-term (4+ years) test yard exposures and accelerated laboratory experiments in simulated concrete pore waters are being performed. The ultimate objective was to, first, evaluate the corrosion properties and service life of the different candidate materials and, second, develop tools whereby long-term performance in actual structures can be projected from a short-term accelerated test. An interim report provided results from the initial three years of this overall 6-year program, and this report serves as a second interim report.
Critical Literature Review of High-Performance Corrosion Reinforcements in
Concrete Bridge Applications -
Economic considerations historically have precluded consideration and widespread utilization of high-performance (corrosion-resistant) reinforcements (such as stainless steels) in bridge construction. However, with the advent of life cycle cost analysis as a project planning tool and of a requirement that major bridge structures have a 75–100-year design life, the competitiveness of such steels has increased such that enhanced attention has been focused upon these materials in recent years.
This investigation was initiated to evaluate the corrosion resistance of various categories of high-performance reinforcement, including new products that are becoming available, in bridge structures that are exposed to chlorides. Both long-term (4-year) test yard exposures and accelerated laboratory experiments in simulated concrete pore waters were involved. The ultimate objective is to: (1) evaluate the corrosion properties and rank the different candidate materials; and (2) develop tools and short-term tests to help practitioners project long-term performance in actual structures. This interim report presents the results of a critical literature review of corrosion issues and behavior for high-performance reinforcements as applicable to bridges and as a precursor to the experimental program.
Corrosion
Protection: Concrete Bridges - Corrosion of reinforcing
steel has led to premature deterioration of many concrete bridges in the United
States before their design life is attained. This has placed tremendous
financial burden on many state and local transportation agencies in their
attempts to halt ongoing reinforcing steel corrosion in the existing structures
that are still functional (so that as much service life as possible can be
salvaged from these) and to replace those structures that have already
deteriorated to the point that it does not make any economic sense to keep on
maintaining them. In addition, badly deteriorated bridges have considerable
adverse effects on the nation's economic output and also place the safety of
motorists at risk.
Materials and Methods for
Corrosion Control of Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Structures in New
Construction - Salt-induced reinforcing steel corrosion
in concrete bridges has undoubtedly become a considerable economic burden to
many State and local transportation agencies. Since the iron in the steel has a
natural tendency to revert eventually to its most stable oxide state, this
problem will, unfortunately, still be with us, but to a much lesser degree due
to the use of various corrosion protection strategies currently used in new
construction. The adoption of corrosion protection measures in new construction,
such as the use of good design and construction practices, adequate concrete
cover depth, low-permeability concrete, corrosion inhibitors, and coated
reinforcing steel, is significantly reducing the occurrence of reinforcing steel
corrosion in new bridges. This report summarizes the results of various research
investigations in developing and evaluating the performance of various corrosion
protection systems. This report describes materials and measures that can be
used for corrosion control in reinforced and prestressed concrete bridge
structures in new construction. This report will be of interest to materials and
bridge engineers, reinforced concrete corrosion specialists, and those concerned
with the performance of reinforced and prestressed concrete bridges